Bafuputsi ba Lefapha la Matla la US (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory ba na le nalane e telele ea ho sibolla lintho tse qalileng pele lefapheng la libeteri tsa lithium-ion. Bongata ba liphetho tsena ke tsa cathode ea betri, e bitsoang NMC, nickel manganese le cobalt oxide. Betri e nang le cathode ena joale e matlafatsa Chevrolet Bolt.
Bafuputsi ba Argonne ba fihletse katleho e 'ngoe ho li-cathode tsa NMC. Sebopeho se secha sa sehlopha sa likaroloana tsa cathode se ka etsa hore betri e tšoarelle le ho sireletseha haholoanyane, e khone ho sebetsa ka motlakase o phahameng haholo le ho fana ka maeto a malelele.
“Hona joale re na le tataiso eo baetsi ba libeteri ba ka e sebelisang ho etsa thepa ea cathode e nang le khatello e phahameng, e se nang moeli,” Khalil Amin, Argonne Fellow Emeritus.
“Li-cathode tse teng tsa NMC li baka tšitiso e kholo mosebetsing oa motlakase o phahameng,” ho boletse motlatsi oa setsebi sa k'hemistri Guiliang Xu. Ka potoloho ea ho ntša tjhaja le ho ntša motlakase, ts'ebetso e theoha ka potlako ka lebaka la ho thehoa ha mapetso likarolong tsa cathode. Ka mashome a lilemo, bafuputsi ba libeteri ba 'nile ba batla litsela tsa ho lokisa mapetso ana.
Mokhoa o mong nakong e fetileng o ne o sebelisa likaroloana tse nyenyane tse chitja tse entsoeng ka likaroloana tse ngata tse nyane haholo. Likaroloana tse kholo tse chitja ke polycrystalline, tse nang le libaka tse kristale tse nang le litsela tse fapaneng. Ka lebaka leo, li na le seo bo-rasaense ba se bitsang meeli ea lijo-thollo pakeng tsa likaroloana, e leng se ka etsang hore betri e petsohe nakong ea potoloho. Ho thibela sena, basebetsi-'moho le Xu le Argonne ba ne ba se ba entse lesela la polymer le sireletsang ho potoloha karoloana ka 'ngoe. Seaparo sena se pota-potile likaroloana tse kholo tse chitja le likaroloana tse nyane ka hare ho tsona.
Tsela e 'ngoe ea ho qoba mofuta ona oa ho petsoha ke ho sebelisa likaroloana tse le 'ngoe tsa kristale. Microscopy ea elektrone ea likaroloana tsena e bontšitse hore ha li na meeli.
Bothata ba sehlopha e ne e le hore di-cathode tse entsweng ka di-polycrystal tse manehilweng le dikristale tse le nngwe di ne di ntse di petsoha nakong ya ho palama baesekele. Ka hona, ba entse tlhahlobo e batsi ya disebediswa tsena tsa cathode ho Advanced Photon Source (APS) le Center for Nanomaterials (CNM) ho Argonne Science Center ya Lefapha la Matla la US.
Ho ile ha etsoa litlhahlobo tse fapaneng tsa x-ray matsohong a mahlano a APS (11-BM, 20-BM, 2-ID-D, 11-ID-C le 34-ID-E). Ho ile ha fumaneha hore seo bo-rasaense ba neng ba se nahana ke kristale e le 'ngoe, joalo ka ha ho bontšitsoe ke electron le X-ray microscopy, ha e le hantle se ne se e-na le moeli kahare. Ho skena le ho fetisetsa electron microscopy ea CNMs ho tiisitse qeto ena.
“Ha re sheba sebopeho sa bokaholimo ba likaroloana tsena, li ne li shebahala joaloka likristale tse le 'ngoe,” ho boletse setsebi sa fisiks Wenjun Liu. â�<“但是，当我們在APS 使用一种称為同步加速器X射线衍射显微镜的技术和其他技术时，我們发现边界隐藏在内部。” “ <“但是 , 当 在 使用 使用种 称為 同步 加速器 x 射线 显微镜的 技术 和 其他 时 ， 我们ka.""Leha ho le jwalo, ha re ne re sebedisa mokgwa o bitswang synchrotron X-ray diffraction microscopy le mekgwa e meng ho APS, re fumane hore meedi e ne e patilwe kahare."
Habohlokoa, sehlopha se qapile mokhoa oa ho hlahisa likristale tse le 'ngoe ntle le meeli. Ho leka lisele tse nyane ka cathode ena ea kristale e le 'ngoe ka li-voltage tse phahameng haholo ho bontšitse keketseho ea 25% polokelong ea matla ka bophahamo ba yuniti ntle le tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ho feta lipotoloho tse 100 tsa liteko. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-cathode tsa NMC tse entsoeng ka likristale tse le 'ngoe tse nang le sebopeho se fapaneng kapa li-polycrystal tse koahetsoeng li bontšitse ho theoha ha bokhoni ba 60% ho isa ho 88% nakong ea bophelo bo tšoanang.
Lipalo tsa sekala sa athomo li senola mokhoa oa phokotso ea cathode capacitance. Ho ea ka Maria Chang, setsebi sa nanoscience ho CNM, meeli e ka lahleheloa ke liathomo tsa oksijene ha betri e chajiloe ho feta libaka tse hole le tsona. Tahlehelo ena ea oksijene e lebisa ho senyeha ha potoloho ea sele.
“Lipalo tsa rona li bontša kamoo moeli o ka lebisang ho lokolloeng ha oksijene ka khatello e phahameng, e leng se ka lebisang ho fokotseng ts'ebetso,” ho boletse Chan.
Ho tlosa moeli ho thibela phetoho ea oksijene, ka hona ho ntlafatsa polokeho le botsitso ba potoloho ea cathode. Litekanyo tsa phetoho ea oksijene ka APS le mohloli o tsoetseng pele oa leseli ho Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ea Lefapha la Matla la US li tiisa qeto ena.
“Jwale re na le ditataiso tseo bahlahisi ba dibetri ba ka di sebedisang ho etsa thepa ya cathode e se nang meedi mme e sebetsa ka kgatello e phahameng,” ho boletse Khalil Amin, Argonne Fellow Emeritus. â�<“该指南应适用于NMC 以外的其他正极材料。” â�<“该指南应适用于NMC 以外的其他正极材料。”"Litaelo li lokela ho sebetsa ho thepa ea cathode ntle le NMC."
Sengoliloeng se mabapi le thuto ena se hlahile koranteng ea Nature Energy. Ho phaella ho Xu, Amin, Liu le Chang, bangoli ba Argonne ke Xiang Liu, Venkata Surya Chaitanya Kolluru, Chen Zhao, Xinwei Zhou, Yuzi Liu, Liang Ying, Amin Daali, Yang Ren, Wenqian Xu , Junjing Deng, Inhui Hwang, M Taong Dung Zu, Chengjun, M Taong, Sun Zu, Inhui Hwang, M Taong, Zu Zu, M. Bo-rasaense ba tsoang Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Wanli Yang, Qingtian Li, le Zengqing Zhuo), Univesithi ea Xiamen (Jing-Jing Fan, Ling Huang le Shi-Gang Sun) le Univesithi ea Tsinghua (Dongsheng Ren, Xuning Feng le Mingao Ouyang).
Mabapi le Setsi sa Argonne sa Lintho tse Fumanehang Hangata Setsi sa Lintho tse Fumanehang Hangata, e leng se seng sa litsi tse hlano tsa lipatlisiso tsa nanotechnology tsa Lefapha la Matla la US, ke setheo se ka sehloohong sa basebelisi ba naha bakeng sa lipatlisiso tsa nanoscale tse fapaneng tse tšehetsoang ke Ofisi ea Saense ea Lefapha la Matla la US. Hammoho, li-NSRC li theha sehlopha sa lits'ebeletso tse tlatsetsang tse fang bafuputsi bokhoni ba sejoale-joale ba ho etsa, ho sebetsana, ho hlalosa le ho etsa mohlala oa lisebelisoa tsa nanoscale 'me li emela letsete le leholo ka ho fetisisa la meralo ea motheo tlas'a National Nanotechnology Initiative. NSRC e fumaneha Lefapheng la Naha la Matla la US Laboratories ho Argonne, Brookhaven, Lawrence Berkeley, Oak Ridge, Sandia, le Los Alamos. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi ka NSRC DOE, etela https://science.osti.gov/Us​er​-Fa​ci​ilit​​​​ie​s​/ ​Us​ er​-Fa​ci​i​l​it​ie​ie​s​-at​-a​Glance.
Mohloli o Tsoetseng Pele oa Photon (APS) oa Lefapha la Matla la US ho Argonne National Laboratory ke o mong oa mehloli ea X-ray e hlahisang litholoana tse ngata lefatšeng. APS e fana ka mahlaseli a X-ray a matla haholo ho sechaba se fapaneng sa lipatlisiso tsa saense ea thepa, k'hemistri, fisiks ea lintho tse kopantseng, saense ea bophelo le tikoloho, le lipatlisiso tse sebelisitsoeng. Mahlaseli ana a X-ray a loketse ho ithuta lisebelisoa le meaho ea baeloji, kabo ea likarolo, maemo a lik'hemik'hale, makenete le a elektroniki, le litsamaiso tsa boenjiniere tsa bohlokoa tsa tekheniki tsa mefuta eohle, ho tloha libetering ho ea ho li-nozzle tsa injector tsa mafura, tse bohlokoa moruong oa naha ea rona, theknoloji le motheo oa bophelo bo botle. Selemo se seng le se seng, bafuputsi ba fetang 5,000 ba sebelisa APS ho phatlalatsa lingoliloeng tse fetang 2,000 tse hlalosang lintho tsa bohlokoa tse sibolotsoeng le ho rarolla meaho ea bohlokoa ea protheine ea baeloji ho feta basebelisi ba setsi sefe kapa sefe sa lipatlisiso tsa X-ray. Bo-rasaense le baenjiniere ba APS ba kenya tšebetsong mahlale a macha a motheo oa ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea li-accelerator le mehloli ea leseli. Sena se kenyeletsa disebediswa tsa ho kenya tse hlahisang di-X-ray tse kganyang haholo tse ananelwang ke bafuputsi, dilense tse tsepamisang di-X-ray ho fihlela ho di-nanometer tse mmalwa, disebediswa tse ntlafatsang tsela eo di-X-ray di sebelisanang ka yona le sampole e ntseng e ithutwa, le pokello le tsamaiso ya diphihlello tsa APS Research e hlahisa bongata bo boholo ba data.
Phuputso ena e sebelisitse mehloli e tsoang ho Advanced Photon Source, Setsi sa Basebelisi sa Lefapha la Matla la US Ofisi ea Saense e tsamaisoang ke Argonne National Laboratory bakeng sa Ofisi ea Saense ea Lefapha la Matla la US tlas'a konteraka ea nomoro ea DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Laboratori ea Naha ea Argonne e ikitlaelletsa ho rarolla mathata a potlakileng a saense le theknoloji ea lehae. Jwalo ka laboratori ea pele ea naha United States, Argonne e etsa lipatlisiso tsa mantlha le tse sebelisoang tsa morao-rao hoo e batlang e le lefapheng le leng le le leng la saense. Bafuputsi ba Argonne ba sebetsa haufi-ufi le bafuputsi ba tsoang lik'hamphaning tse makholo, liunivesithing, le mekhatlong ea federal, ea mmuso le ea masepala ho ba thusa ho rarolla mathata a itseng, ho ntšetsa pele boetapele ba saense ba US, le ho lokisetsa sechaba bokamoso bo betere. Argonne e hirile basebetsi ba tsoang linaheng tse fetang 60 'me e tsamaisoa ke UChicago Argonne, LLC ea Ofisi ea Saense ea Lefapha la Matla la US.
Ofisi ea Saense ea Lefapha la Matla la US ke motšehetsi e moholo ka ho fetisisa oa lipatlisiso tsa motheo saenseng ea fisiks naheng, e sebetsang ho rarolla tse ling tsa litaba tse potlakileng ka ho fetisisa tsa mehleng ea rona. Bakeng sa tlhaiso-leseling e batsi, etela https://​energy​.gov/​science​ience.